Rotary valve



April 7, 1925.

C. C. FOSS ET AL ROTARY VALVE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sepu. '7, 1923 [NiEN TOR c, c. 2 065 ZIDDELOACH,

WITNESSES "A TTORNE YS C. C. FOSS ET AL ROTARY VALVE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2Filed SPD&. '7 1923 C C bss,

. DDELOAC/f INVENTOR ATTORNEYS WITNESSES 3 a H w a 3 2 .5 e w v. 2.} R50Y a n NM M 5,3 m w .D w 11 e I C 8 \1. D MT h T s Ir, p 4 A 5 C. C. FOSSET AL ROTARY VALVE Fil d sept. 7.

w I l April 7, 1925;

WITNESSES April 7, 1925.

C. C. FOSS ET AL ROTARY VALVE Filed Sept. 7., 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 4NVENTOR 'C C- 65:5 DD/) bonc g WITNESSES ATTORNEYS April 7, 1925.

1923 5 sheetsesheet 5 INVENTOR (1 CV 79 5 .ZJDALDE 4,04 c

c. c. Foss ET AL- ROTARY VALVE Fildsept. v

A TTORN E YS l atentetl Apr. 5?, 12 1 253..

CHRISTIAN CELSUS FOSS, OF ?ULASKI, AND DOUGLAS DEW'EY ZOE LOACH, OFSAVAN- LNAH, GEQRGIA.

EEOTABJY VALVE.

Application filed September 7, 1928. Serial. No. 661,411,

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHRlSTIAN C. Foss and Doncms D. De LoAcH, citizensof the United States, and residents, respectively, of Pulaski, in thecounty 0i Candler and State of Georgia, and Savannah, in the county ofOhatham and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Rotary Valves, of which the followin is a specification.

ur invention relates to improvements in rotary valves and moreparticularly to improvements in rotary valves for internal combustionengines, and it consists in the combinations, constructions andarrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of our invention is to provide an improved rotary valveconstruction for internal combustion engines which will atfordfacilities for controlling: the delivery ot a combustible fluid chargeto one or more cylinders of an engine and the discharge of exhaust,gases from the cylinder or cylinders of the engine. without possibilityof sticking or undue f ictionbetween the relatively-movingparts of thevalve mechanism, irrespective of the number of cylinders which arecomprised in the engine with whic i the 'alve mechanism ma beassociated.

A further object. of the invention is to provide a rotary valvemechanism of the character de cribed which includes means automaticallyadjustable to compensate for wear on the relatively moving parts of thevalve mcchanisi'n as well as for unequal expansion or contraction of therelatively moving; parts whereby leakage of the intake or exhaust gasesfrom the valve mechanism is prevented.

further object of the invention is to provide a rotary alvc mechanism ofthe character descri ed in which the rotating valvcwill he supportedanti-[rictionally in its casing and will turn smoothly and quietlytherein.

further object of the invention is to provide in a rotary valvemechanism of the character dcscrihcd a novel packing ring which isself-adjusting to ooin -iensatc for wear on or unequal expansion orontraction of the rotating valve and the valve casing and whicheffectively prevents leakage of gases between the valve and the valvecasing at a desirable place along the length of the latter.

A further object of theinvention is to provide a mechanism of thecharacter described which is constructed in such manner that a suitablelubricant may be conveniently supplied to the relatively moving surfacesof the valve mechanism without permitting leakage of gases between suchsurfaces.

A still further object of the invention is to provide in a rotary valvemechanism of the character described, a novel drive arrangement fortransmitting power from a moving part of the engine to the rotatablevalve, the drive mechanism also including means for supporting adistributor for intermittently connecting the spark plugs of therespective cylinders of the engine with an ignition circuit.

Other objects and advantages of the invention willv be apparent from thefollowing description, considered in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a view, mainly in vertical section andpartly in side elevation, showing a practical embodiment of theinvention operatively applied to an internal c0mbustion engine, onlyportions of the latter being exhibited,

Figure 2 is a section along the line 2-2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a section along the line 3--3 of Figure 1,

Figure l is a fragmentary perspective view showing an element of thevalve and a transmission element which is carried thereby,

Figure 5 is a relatively,enlarged tragmcntaiy section along the line5--5 of .liigruro 2, A

F igure (l is a perspective view showing in separated position thecomplementary sections of an expausible valve head,

Figure 7 is a perspective group vicw showing elements of an expansiblepacking ring which is comprisedin the device,

Figure 8 is a ,viow similar to Figure 1,

showing a second form oi the valve mechanisin embodying the invention,

Figure 9 is a section along; the line 9-9 01' Figure 8,

Figure 10 is a perspective view showing one of two complementarysections of a which is formed to provide a plurality of cylinders whichare indicated at 2 3, at and 5 respectively. Each of the cylinders isprovided with an intake port and an enh aust port which extendthroughthe head oi the cylinder and establish communication between theinterior of the latter and the in terior of the valve easing 6 whichextends across the head of the respective cylinders the intake andexhaust ports for the cylinder 4: being shown in Figure 53 and heingindicated at 7 and 8 respectively. The valve casing ti preferablycomprises an outer tubular member consisting otva base portion 9 whichmay he formed integrally with the engine block and a cap portion 10which is eomplemcntal' to the base portion the base portion and the cap)ortion being pro-ruled at their meeting edges with radially entcruhLing portions which may be secured top'etl by bolts 11 as best seen in lig'ures 2 and 3.

The valve casing 6 also provided with a Water jacket 12 which may havecon:- munication at any suitable number of points with a water manifoldor supply conduit 13 and which also may he in open commanication andcontinuous with the Waer jachct 1st of the cylinders, as clearly shownin ures 2 and 3.

. The valve casing'also comprises an inner tubular member or liner whichconsists of two complementary segmental tions 15 and 16 respectively.the former of which has the outer wall thereof coextensive in area withthe inner Wall of the base portion 9 ot the outer casing member Whilethe outer wall of the section 16 is coextensive in area with portion 10of the outer casing member and the sections 15 and it? respectively aresocured in close intorfittinurelation to the base portion 9 and the capportion 10 of the outer casing member sothat the meeting edges of thesections and 16 are in contact with each other in the plane of themeeting edges of the base portion 9 and the cap portion. 10. v

The valve casing 6 is provided at suitable places along" its length withsets of ports opening through the upper side thereof,

each of the sets of ports consisting of an intake port locateddiametrically opposite the intake port 'I for one of the c linders andan exhaust port located diametrically the inner Wall oi. the cap oposite the exhaust port 8 of the same cy incler. It is to be understoodthat there is a set of the ports through the upper part of the valvecasing for each of the cylinders across which the valve casing extends.In Figure 2, we show the set of ports in the upper part of the valvecasing for the cylinder 4, the intake port of said set being designated17 and the exhaust port indicated at 18. The intake port 17 is shown asbeing in open communication with a conduit 19 which in actua practice isa branch of the intake manifold of the engine. The er; haust conduit 18also is shown in open communication with a conduit 20 which in practiceis a branch of the exhaust manifold of the engine 4 i It desirable thatthe intake gases should pass direct from the conduit it) through iii nintake ports 1? direct to the intal-rc port. 8 7 and thence into theexplosion chamber of the cylinder at the proper time Without myappreciable quantity ot the gas being permitted to move longitudinallyof the val to may casing as otherwise loss of compression ensue and theoperation of on he detrimentally ati'ected. To this end, inventioprovides novel valve and means ro'tatably supported within 't' casingand cooperating with the insure take gases to each cylinder at the pro;-time Without there being any the gases during the passage :h; the

nake port 17 for each eynnr oppos te intake port 7 of the eyl valve andpacking means also H15 complete charge of the exhaust each cylinder at aproper time. means embodied in the form tics 1 which is exhibited inFigures 1, 5.3., 3 and 5 comprises a carrying member Which is designatedgenerally 21 (see Figure 4t). The carrying member 21 may comprise twoaxially aligned interengagcd sections and respectively for conveniencein removing the carrying member from the valve casino and replacing itin the latter when desired. The section 22'has the form of a hollow tubeor cylinder reduced diametrically at its ends and merged into axiallyaligned solid or shaft portions 22" and E22 respectively. The section-23also has the form of a hollow tube or cylinder reduced (liametrieally atits ends and merged into axially aligned oppositely ext-ending solid orshaft portions 23" and 23 respectively. The solidor shaft portions ofthe sections :22 or 22* are also in axial alignment with the hollowtubular section. The solid or shaft portions 23 and 23 respectively ofthe section 23 also are in axial alignment'with the section 523. Thesections 22-and 23 are equal in diameter. The shaft portion 23 isenlarged at its extremity as indicated'et 24L,

25 i carr .ing member is as at valve casing. 3

the enlargement being provided with a tongue extension which is adaptedto enter a socket 26 in the end of an enlargement 27 of the shaftportion 22 at the outer end of the latter. The sections 22. and 23 aythus be coupled together to rotate as a unit. The shaft portion 22 isenlarged adjacent to its end as indicated at 28. The shaft ortion 23 isenlarged adjacent to its end as indicated at 29. The enlargements 28, 29and 27% are circular in cross sectional contour and equal in diameter sothat thecarrying member 21 will be supported to rotate about itslongitudinal axis" when the respective enlargements just enumerated aresupported anti-frictionally 30 in hearings or journal boxes 31, 32 and33 respectively which are carried by the engine block 1 and are disposedin axial alignment with one another and with the bore of the valvecasing 6. With this arrangement, the carrying member 21 will be disposedin concentric relation to the bore of the valve casing 6 and thediameter of the tubular sections 22 and 23 of the such that the outerfaces of t ese sections will have a close sliding fit within the innertubular member of the The carr member 21 may be driven at a speed whichwill vary with the speed of the engine by power derived from amovingpart of the engine and transmitted to 5 the carrying member bymeans of ayerticali shaft 34 which carries a worm 35 in mesh with a wormwheel 36 on a shaft portion of the carrying member. In the embodiment ofthe invention shown in Figure 1, the

shaft 34 extends above the level of the carrying member 21 and the upperend portion of the shaft 34 is fashioned, as at 37 to support the usualdistributor not shown for connecting the spark plugs of the rerequiredto adapt cooperation with a valve casingwluch exspective cylindersintermittently with an ignition circuit. I

The section 22 of the carrying member 21 is adaptcd'to overlie thecylinders 2 and 3 while the section 23 is adapted to overlie thecylinders 4 and 5. However, it will be understood that the hollowtubular portions or the section of the carrying member which ourinvention provides may be of any length the carrying 'membcr for tendsacross one or more cylinders. The hollow tubular portion of the carryingmemher which extends within the valve casing 6 above the cylinder 4 isillustrated in Figure 2 and will be described in detail, it beingunderstood that the hollow tubular portions of the carrying; memberwhich respectively extend within the valvecasing 6 above the remainingcylinders are identical in construction and operation in essentialrespects with the portion of the tubular enlarged at its outer end tocarrying member which is shown in Figure 2. The same reierence numeralstherefore have been used to designate like parts of the portions of thecarrying member which,

extend within the valve casing 6 above the respective cylinders. Each ofthese portions of the carrying member is provided with spaced apartperipheral grooves 38 in its outer face, the distance between each twoadjacent grooves being greater than the diameter of the underlyingcylinder. Diametrica'lly opposite recesses 39 and 40 respectively extendlongitudinally of the carrying member in the outer face of the latterbetween each two adjacent grooves 38. A port 41 extends radially fromthe bot-- tom wall of each recess 39 to the inner wall of the carryingmember; A port 42 of equal area extends from the bottom of the recess 40through the walls of the carrying memher and opens into the interior ofthe latter. An expansible valve head designated generally 43 is providedfor each of the cylinders and comprises two cooperative hollow sections44 and 45 respectively. The hollow section 44 is adapted adjacent to oneendthereof to slidably interfitithe section 45. The section 44 isenlarged adjacent to its other end as indicated at 46 to closelyinterfit the port 39 and is further enlarged at itsouter end asindicated at 47 to interfit the recess 39, the enlargement 47 being inthe nature or" a continuous flange which is curved arcuately in crosssectional contour so that the outer face thereof will closely contact atall points with the inner wall of the inner member of the valve casing.The section 45 is enlarged adjacent to its outer end as indicated at 48to closely interfit the opening .01' port 42 and is further provide aflange 49, the'enlargement 49 being adapted. to interfit the recess 40and being arcuately curved in cross sectional contour so that the outerface thereof will conform in curvature to the inner wall ,oi the valvecasing 6. Expansion springs 50 are disposed bctwcen the enlargements 46and 48 of each 'eXpuusiblc valve head, being retained in position byinwardly extending lugs 51 carried by the enlargements 4G and 4S andengaging with the end portions of the expansion springs. The expansionsprings of each expansiblc vulvc head urge the sections of the latterapart continuously and thus tend to hold the outer faces of the sectionsofeach valve head in close contact with the inner wall of the valvecasing. A pair of cxpausiblc packing rings 52 are provided. forcooperation with each of the expansible valve heads. Each expans'ihlering 52 is of the split ring" ty 0 of construct-ion and comprises twocomp cmcntary segmental sections 53 and 54 respectively, these sectionshaving overlapping slidably engaging reduced portions at the meetingends as best seen in Figure The outer diameter of each of the expansiblcrings 52 is such that the ring will be partially received in a groove 55in the inner wall of the inner tubular member 1516 of the valve casingwhen the expansible ring is also partially received in the groove 38which is in concentric relation to the groove 55. It of course is to beunderstood that there is a groove 55 in the inner face of the innertubular memher of the valve casing in concentric relation with each ofthe grooves 38in the outer I peripheral wall of the carrying member.

Rods 56 extend in chord-like relation to each of the rings 52 and eachrod has the end portions thereof received in sockets in the inner wallsof the rings. Each rod 56 is enlarged intermediate its lengthas-inclicatcd at 57 to provide a stop. Expansion springs 58 disposed oneach rod 56 between opposite ends of the stop 57 and slidable collars51) which work throiigh openings in the wall of the carrying members 21and urge the slidablecollars 59 outwardly against the sections of theexpansible ring. thereby tending to expand the latter.

illustratml to advantage in Figure 5, the pair oi espansible rings withwhich each of ihe cxpansible valve heads 43 is associated are in closesliding contact with the enlarged end portions 47 and 49 of the sectionsoi the cxpansible .valve head at opposite ends or": the latter.

From the foregoing description of the various parts the operationthereof. may be readily understood. The carrying member 21 will berotated so that the 'expansible valve head for each cylinder willvbe diaposed at the proper time in position to perinit passage of combustiblegases from the int: he port 17 through the expansible valve head to theintake port 7, thence into the cylinder. As the rotational movement ofthe carrying member continues, compression will take place within thecylinder and any or the compressed charge which may pass between thewall of the carrying member and the inner wall of the valvecasinobetween each pair of packing rings 52 will be' confined by thelatter within the space between. such adj acent packing rings,' wherebythere will be no appr ciable lessening of compression within thecylinder. As the rotation of the carrying member 21-is continued, the'expa iisible valve head will be disposed in position to connect theexhaust:

tle exhaust port port 8 of the cylinder with 18 of thcvalve casing. heexpansible valve hea'd will-be adjusted automatically because of theaction of the expansion springs'bo to compensate for wear on the with orto compensate for unequal expan-.

sion or. contraction of these relatively moving parts. Smooth andeificient operation of a valve mechanism embodying the invention at alltimes thus are assured.

It is desirable that the relatively moving parts of the 'alve mechanismshall be kept in a lubricated.condition without permitting the escape ofgases between these parts and to this end each of the expansilole rings52 is provided with a groove 61 in the outer peripheral wall thereof,which groove is in con'in'iunication with a supply duct 52 leadingthereto through the upper part of the valve casing and with adischargeduct 63 which may lead therefrom to the lower part of the valvecasing, as best seen in Figure The groove (31 is in communication withpassages 61 which extend radially in each ring part of the way throughthe latter and I then laterally" toward the, adjacent expansi' ble valvehead. The latter is provided with transverse passages in the enlargedend portions 47 and 49 of the sections thereof as indicated at and 6G-in Figure 5, the last named passages openinu' through the outer faces ofthe expansible valve head, whereby the lubricant will be fed between therelatively moving parts of the device.

In the 'form of the device which is illus trated in Figure 8 the valvecasing is designated generally at 60 and comprises an outer shell-member 61 and an inner tubular member or liner 62 which respectivelyare identical in essential respects with the correspondmg members of thevalve casing 6, the outer tubular members (31 being provided with awater jacket 63 which is in communication with the water jacket 1d ofthe engine block, as best seen in Figure 3). The outer tubular valvecasing member (31 and the inner tubular valve casing member 62 aremadeup of complementary sections as in the case of the inner and outertubular members of the valve casing 6. In Figure. 10, we show one of thetwo similar sections of the inner tubu-' lar valve casing member orliner 62 and in the drawing we have designated the sections of thelatter (32. It will be observed by referring to Figure 8 that the valvecasing 60 diiiers from the 'alve casing 6 in that the set of intakeports for each cylinder is in alignn'ient longitutlinally of the valvecasing with the set of exhaust ports for the cylinder instead of beingin staggered relation in respect thereto, as in the case of the valvecasing 6. The intake ports which essence open through the upper part ofthe valve casing for each 65, the exhaust port which opens tlntough theupper part of the valve casing 60 for each cylinder is indicated at 66,and G7 and 68 respectively designate the intake port and the exhaustport through the lower part of the valve casing 60 into each cylinder.It will he observed that the intake ports and GT for each cylinder arediametrically opposite each other and that the exhaust ports (36 and (18for each cylinder also are diametrically opposite each other and in thesame plane as the intake ports for that particular cylinder. The valveof the. form of the device illustrated in Figures 8 and 9 comprises acarrying member 69 which in essential respects diti'ers from thecarrying member 9114 0111 in that it is pro vi ded with two openingsindicated in Figure 9 at 70 and 71 respectively through the upper partof the portion thereof overlying each cylinder, 'ie openings 70 and 71being respectively diametrically opposite openings 72 and 73 in thelowerpart of the portion of the carrying member which overlies thecylinder. instead of having oniy one opening through the upper part ofthi portion of the carrying member which overlies each cylinder inalignment with a diametrically opposite opening through the lower-partof that portion, a in the case of the carrying member 21. p The openings70 der are spaced apart slightly longitudinally oil. the carryingmeinbcr and also circumferential v of the carrying memher, the open- T2and 78 for each cylinder of course being similarly spaced. and theopenings 70 and 71 for each cylinder respectively open at their outerends through recesses 74 and 75 in the outer face oi the carryingmember, 5 hemp; merged into the recesses it and 1 each other at theiradjacent cnds as best seen in Figure 8.

The openings 72 and 73 likewise open through the hottoms of recesses '76and 77 respectively which also are merged into each other their adjacentends. An expansihle valve head '78 extends diametrically of the carryingmember 69 for each cylinder and has enlarged portions received in theopenings 70 and 72 and further enlarged end portions 79 respectivelyinterfitting the recesses (75 and 77. A

similar expansihle valve head 80 also is PI'OVlded-ifl! each cylinderand extends diametricallyot the carrying member 6,9,havin 'enlared-portions received in the openings l-and 3 and further enlarged endportions 81 respectively intcrfitting the recesses 74 and 76.Corresponding end portions 79 and 81 of the valve heads 78 and 8t) toreach cylinder interlap slightly at their :uljacent ends and have cutoutportions intcrengaging as indicated at 82 in Figure 8. he outerperipheral face of each otthe end cylinder is designated half portionsof and 71 for each cylinportions 79 and 81 is curved to conform to thecurvature of the inner wall of the continuous valve casing 60 and eachof the expansihle valve-heads T8 and 80 is identical in construction inessential respects with the expansihle valve head 43 of the preferredform of the device, each comprisin two cooperative sections springpresse apart.

Disposed within the valve casing at oppo- 75 site ends of each set ofeiipansihle'valve heads 7 8 and 80 are expansible packing rings such asthat indicated at 83 in Figure 11. llachpacking ring 83 is made up oftwo scparahlc overlapping half portions, each of which comprises tionsindicated at 84:, 85 and 86 respectively. The sections 84 and 86 arehingedly attached to the ends of the section 85, as indicated at 87 andthe meeting ends of the sections 84 and 86 of each of the separable thering are reduced and overlapped as indicated at 88. The sections 85 havetransverse openings theret-hrough engaged by tongues 90 on the adjacentends of one of the expansible valve heads 78 or 80 when a pairofthe'rings 83 are disposed in abutting relation to opposite ends of theexpansible valve heads 7 8 and 80 of each set. Each of the rings 83 ispartially received in a groove 91 in the inner wall of the valve casing60 and also is partially received in a cooperating groove in the outer"all of the carrying member 69, as in the case of the ring 62 in thepreferred form of the device. A disk 91 is provided for each of therings; 83;and is disposed within the carrying i'neinher, being providedwith diametrically o giposite sockets 92 inwhich are secured exp nsinnsprings 93 which protrude through openings in the walls of the carryingmember and engage at their outer ends with the lapped end portions ofsections 84:. 86 f the rings. Each expa'nsible ring 83 thus will beexpanded both because of the action of the springs 93 and the ac tion ofthe expansiole valve head 78 or 80 with which it is associated since thelapped sections 84, 86 will he urged outwardly by the springs 98. andthe urged apart as the particular valve head with which the ring isassociated is expanded and pulled together or toward each other as thecxpansihle valve head is contracted in length for any reason.

()hviously. our invention is susceptible bf emhodiment in forms otherthan thoseillustratcd in the accompanyingdrawing and We thereforeconsider as our own all modifications and adaptations of the forms ofthe dcvice hc'rein disclosed which fairly fall within the scope of theappended claims.

Wc claim:

l. A rotary valve comprising: a tubular valve casing having threesegmental secsections 85 will hev diametrically opposite ports formedthrough the walls thereof, and a valve comprising a carrying membermounted. to rotate in the casing and hal ing diametrically oppositeopenings respec tively adapted in register at times with thecorresponding openings of the valve easing and radially expansible meansextending through diametrically opposite openings in the carrying memberin engagement with theinner Wall of the valve casing said radiallyexpensible means being provided with an opening extending therethroughfor establishing communication be tween the diametrically oppositeportslof the valve casing at a certain time during rotation of thecarrying member.

2. A rotary valve coinprisin a. tubular valve casing having diamctricaly opposite ports formed through the walls thereof, and

a valve comprising a carrying member mounted to rotate in the casing andhaving diametrically opposite openings respective ly adapted to registerat times with the corresponding openin s of the valve casing andradially expansi le means extending through diametrically oppositeopenings in the carrying member in engagement with the inner wall of thevalve casing, said radially expansible means having an openingtherethrough for establishing communication between diametricallyopposite ports of the valve casing at a certain time duringrotation ofthe carrying member, said e7 pansiblc means comprising two partiallyoverlapping slidably engaging sections sprin pr ssed apart continuously.

i rotary valve for multi-cvlinder internal combustion engines comprisingalhollow valve. casing extending across the upper ends of the respectivecylinders and. being provided with an exhaust port and an in take portopening through the lower part thereof into each cylinder said valvecasing also being provided with an intake port and an exhaust portopening through the upper part thereof for each cylinder, the secondnamed intake port being diametrically opposite the first named intakeport for thesame cylinder'nnd the second named exhaust port for eachcylinder being diametrically opposite the first named exhaust port forthe same cylinder, and valve means for controlling communication betweenthe respective intake ports and between the respective exhaust ports foreach cylinder, said valve means comprising a carrying member rotatablysupported in position to extend within the valve casing, and a radiallyexpansible hollow valve head carried by the carrying member in tion toengage with the inner wall 0. the valve casing and to establishcommunication between the intake ports of each set at a certain periodduring each revolution of the carrying member to establish comincensemunication between the mspeetive exhaust ports of each set duringanother period in each revolution of the carrying member.

4. A rotary valve for multi-cylinder enines comprising a valve casinghaving a bore extending, across the upper ends oithe cylinders, saidbore being circular in cross sectional contour and having spaced apartannular grooves therein, the portion of the bore extending between twoadjacent an nular grooves overlying the upper end of once? ,thecylinders, an elongated carrying oc libcr adapted to extend through saidbore-and to protrude from the opposite end of the latter, means forsupporting said carrying member anti-frictionally to rotate inconcentric relation to the bore, said carrying member including tubularportions having spaced grooves corresponding in number and arrangementto the grooves in the bore of the casing, each groove in the peripheralwall of the carrying member being in concentric confronting relation toone of the gnooves in the bore of the valve casing, said valve casinghaving an intake port and an exhaust port openingthrough the lower partthereof for each cylinder to establish communication between theinterior of the cylinder and the interior of the valve casing and saidvalve casing also having a second intake port and a. secondexhaust portfor each cylinder, the second exhaust apart peripheral.

port opening through the u per part ofthe I valve casing in diametricaly 0 posite relation to the intake port througn the lower part of thevalve casing and the exhaust port through the upper part of the valvecasing being diametrically opposite to the exhaust port in the lowerpart of the valve casingfor each cylinder, each portion of the carryingmember extending between adjacent grooves -liaving diametricallyextending openings} respectively adapted to register with the intakeports for one cylinder when the carrving member has been rotated to oneposition in the valve casing and to register with the exhaust port inthe valve casing for that cylinder when the carrying member has beenrotated to another position, and a hollow radially expansible valve headworking through the opening of the carrying member for con ducting gasesbetween said intake ports of each cylinder when the carrying member is,

in the first named position and for conduct ing gases between theexhaust ports of the lit cylinder when the carrying member.

the second named position.

5. A rotary valve for inulti-cylinder engines comprising a valve casinghavinga bore extending across the upper ends of the cylinders, said borebeing circular infcross sectionalcontour and-having spaced apart sets ofdiametrically opposite ports through the'portion thereof overlying. eachcylinder there being a set of intake ports and. a set of exhaust portsfor 'eachcylindci, an elongated carrying member supported to rotate inthe valve casing in concentric relation to the latter, and .a hollowradially expansible valve head supported by the carrying memher forconducting gases between said intake ports of each cylinder when thecarrying: member has been rotated to one position and for conductinggases between the exhaustports of the cylinder when the carrying memberis in another named position. and means whereby the carrying member maybe rotated at aspeed proportionate to the speed of the engine.

6. A rotary valve for multi-cylinder engines comprising a valve casinghaving a bore extending across the upper ends-of the cylinders, saidbore being circular in cross sectional contour and having spaced apartannular grooves therein. the portion of the bore extending between twoadjacent annular grooves overlying the upper end of one of thecylinders. an elongated carrying; member adapted to extend through saidbore and to protrude from the opposite end of the latter. means forsupporting said carrying member anti-trictionally to rotate inconcentric relation to the bore, said carrying member including tubularportions having spaced apart peripheral grooves corresponding in numberand arrangement to the grooves 1n the bore of the casing. each groove inthe peripheral wall of the carrying member be ing in concentricconfronting relation to one of the grooves in the bore of the valvecasing, said valve casing having an intake port and an exhaust portopening through the lower part thereof for each cylinder to establishcommunication between the interior of the cylinder and the interior ofthe valve casing and said val casing also having a second intake por anda second-exhaust port for each cylinder. the second as; haust portopening of the valve casing: in diametrically oppo site relation to theintake port through the" lower part of the valve casing and the exhaustport through the upper part of the valve casing being diametricallyopposite to the exhaust port in the lower part of the valve casing foreach cylinder. each portibn of the carrying member extending betweenadjacent grooves having diametrically extending openings respectivelyadapted to register with the intake ports of one cylindcr when thecarrying member has been rotated to one position in the valve casing andto register with the exhaust port inthe valve casing for that cylinderwhen the uarrving xueinber has been rotated to another position. and a.hall'ow radially cxpansible valve head working through the opening 0 thecarrying member for conducting gases part thereof in throucrh the upperpart" :wall, of the carrying member, said enlarged faces thereof betweensaid intake port of each cylinder when the carrying member is in thefirst named position and for conducting gases between the exhaust portsof the cylinder when the carrying member is in the second namedposition, and means whereby the carryinemember may be rotated at a speedproportionate and packing means arranged between corresporldinp groovesin the carrying member and the bore of the valve casing.

7. In a rotary valve. a tending transversely across the upper end of thecylinder of a combustion engine, sai valve casing having a borecircular-in cross sectional contour, said valve casing having a portopening through the lower part thereof into the interior ofthecylinderand having a second port opening into the upper tion to thefirst named port, a carrying memher having a cylindrical portionextending through said valve casing and having a pair of peripheralgrooves in its outer well. said grooves being respectively located inplanes extending at opposite sides of the cylinder andsaid carryingmember having diametrically opposite recesses in its peripheral wallextending longitudinally thereof between said grooves and also having apair of openinns extending respectively from the bottom walls of therecesses to the inner walls of the carrying member in diametricallyopposite relation to each other, whereby one of the openings through thecarrying member will be in register with the upper part of said valvecasing when the other of said open: ings in the carrying member is inregister with the port in the lower part of the valve casing, and anexpansible hollow valve head comprising two cooperative sections inslidable engagement wi li each other interiorly of the carrying mesh orand extending oppositely through theubpenings in the latter, saidsections. h'a-vingatenlarged. end portions interfitting the; recesses inthe peripheral end portions having the outer curved to conform to thecurvature of the inner wall of the valve casing, and expansion springsurging the'sections of said expansible valve head apart:

diametrically opposite rela tothe speed of the engine,

valve casing ex- 8. In a rotary valve for multi-cylinder in- Q ternalcombustion engines, a tubularvalve' casing extending across the upperends of the cylinders and having sets of'diametrically opposite openingsin the portion thereof overlying each cylinder for establishingcommunication transversely through the valvecasing between a source ofsupply of combustible fluid and the cylinder and be-o tween the cylinderand anexhaust conduit, and means for controlling communication betweenthe respective ports of the two sets for each cylinder, said meansincluding a.

valve head for each cylinder, said radiallyexpansible valve headsbeingcarried by the carrying member torotate therewith and each being inclose contact at its outer ends withthe inner wall of the'valve casingin position to conduct fluid between" the re spective ports of each setfor one cylinder when the end portions of the valve head are.

in position to engage with the portions of thevalve casing containingsaid ports.

9. In a rotary valve for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, atubular valve casing extending across the upper ends of the cylindersand having'sets of diametrically opposite openings in the portionthereof overlying each cylinder for establishing communicationtransversely through the valve casing between a source of supply ofcombustible fluid and the cylinder and between thecylinder and anexhaust conduit, and means for controlling'communication betweentherespective ports of" the two, sets for each'cyl-inder, said meansincluding a rotatable carryingmemberextendingthrough the valve casingand comprising two axially alignedseparable sections coupled together inend' to end relation to rotate as a unit a and a hollow self-adjustingradially expanare in position to engage with the portions of the valvecasing containing said ports, and packing rings disposed between thecarrying member and the valve casing in flanking relation tosaid'expansible valve head.

10. In a rotary valve, a tubular valve cas ing having two diametricallyopposite ports opening through the walls thereof, an expansible -valvehead extending diametrically of the valve casing and having a passageextending therethrough longitudinally thereof. said valve headcomprising two cooperative hollow sections, one having the inner endportion thereof slidably interfitting the inner end portion of thelatter, said sections with oneof said ports of the 'valve casing and inregister at its other end with the other port of the valve casing whensaid valve head has been rotated about the axis of the valve casing to acertain position within thelatter, spring means urging said tive hollowsections, one having the inner 'end portion thereof slidablyinterfitting the iner end portion of the latter, said sections beingenlarged to provide continuous flanges at the outer ends thereof, saidflanges having the outer faces thereof curved to conform to thecurvature of the inner wall ofthe valve casingand said valve head beingdisposed within the valve casing so that the passage therethrough willbe in register at one end with one of said ports of the valve casing andin registerat' its other end with the other valve hea of the valvecasing'to a certain position within the latter, spring means urging saidsec tions of the valve head radially outward, means for rotating thevalve head about the axis of the valve casing, and packing meansextending between saidgvalve head rotating means and he valve casing inflanking relation to the anges at the ends of the sections of saidvalvieheiad.

12. In a rbtary valve construction, a tubular valve casing, a hollowtubular member rotating therewith, said tubular casing having an annulargroove in the inner wallthereof and said rotatable tubular member havingagroove in its outer peripheral wall in concentric relation tothe firstnamed groove, a packing ring partially received in the groove in therotatable tubular mamher and extending into the groove in the inner wallof the valve casing, said valve casing and said rotatable member eachhaving two diametrically opposite openings located adjacent to the planeof said grooves,

and radially expansible valve means abutting said rlng for controllingcommunication between the corresponding openings of port ofthe valvecasing'when said has been rotated about the axis the valve casing andthe rotatable tubular member. 7

13. In a rotary valve construction, a tubularvalve casing, a tubularmember rotating therewith, said tubular casing having an annular groovein the inner wall thereof and said rotatable tubular member having agrooveiniit s outer peripheral wall. in concentric relation to the firstnamed groove, a packing ring partiallyreceived 1n the groove in therotatable tubular member and extendinginto the groove in the inner Wallof the valve casing, said valve casing and said rotatable member eachhaving two diametrically opposite openings located adja cent to theplane of said grooves, radially cxpansible valve means abutting saidring for controlling communication between the corresponding openings ofthe valve casing and the rotatable tubular member, said ring having alubricant receiving peripheral groove in the outer periphery thereof andhaving a passage extending radially inward from said groove partwaythrough the ring and then laterally into communication with a groove inthe radially expansible means for feeding lubricant from the peripheralgroove to said expansible valve means,

14.. rotary valve for internal combustion engines comprising a hollowvalve casing'extending across the upper end of a cylinder of an engine,said valve casing having two ports through its lower "part opening intothe upper part of the cylinder and being in alincment longitudinally ofthe casing, said casing also having two ports through its upper part,the respective second named ports being diametrically oppov ite thecorresponding ports in thelower part of the casing, and valve meanscomprising a carryinginember mounted to rotate in the valve casing aboutthe longitudinal axis of the latter, and a pair of radially expansiblehollow valve heads carried by carrying member, each inposition to"cooperate with the latter to control communication between diametricallyopposite ports of the valve easinm- 15. A rotary valve for internalcombuslion engines complisipg a hollow valve casing extending acrossthenupper end of a cylinder of an engine, said valve casing having twoports through its lower part opening into the upper part of the cylinderand beiug in alinement longitudinally of the easing, said casing alsohaving two ports through its upper part. the respective second namedports being diametrically opposite the corresponding ports in the lowerpart of the casing, valve means comprising a carrying member mounted torotate in the valve casing about the longitudinal axis of. the latter, apair of radially eafpansible hollow valve heads carried by carryingmember, eaclnin position to cooperate with the latter to controlcommunication between diametrically opposite ports of the valve casing,said valve heads lying in planes extending diametrically through thecasing in angular relation to each other.

16. A rotary valve for internal combustion engines comprising a hollowvalve casing extending across the upper end of a cylinder 'of an engine,said valve casing having two ports thrpugh its lower part opening intothe upper part of the cylinder and. being in alignment longitudinally ofthe casing, said casing also having two ports through its upper part,the respective second named ports being diametrically opposite thecorresponding ports in the lower part of the casing, valve meanscomprising a carrying member mounted to rotate in the valve casing aboutthe longitudinal axis of the latter, a pair of radially expansiblehollow valve heads carried by carrying member, each'in position tocooperate with the latter to control communication between'diametrically opposite ports of the valve casin said valve heads lyingin planes extending diametrically through the casing in angular relationto each other, and packing rings arranged between the carrying memberand the valve casing at opposite ends of the valve heads.

17. A rotary valve for internal combustion engines comprising a hollowvalve cas ing extending across the upper end of a cylinder of an engine,said valve casing having two ports through its lower part opening intothe upper part of therylinder and being in alignment longitudinally ofthe casing, said casing also having two ports through its upper part,the respective second named ports being diametrically opposite thecorresponding ports in the lower part of the casing, valve meanscomprising a carrying member mounted to rotate in the valvecasing aboutthe longitudinal axis of the latter, and a pair of radially expansiblehollow valve heads carried by carrying member, each in position tocooperate with the latter to control communication between diametricallyopposite ports of the valve CHRISTIAN CELSUS FOSS. DOUGLAS DEWEY DELOAGH.

